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Part I: The Research Process

Total Immersion

Searching the Literature

To make a meaningful contribution to your field, you must have a thorough knowledge of the research and scholarship that precedes and surrounds you. You must immerse yourself in the literature relating to your topic so you can accurately reflect prior scholarship and place your work within a meaningful context.

In other words, you must conduct a thorough literature search.

A literature search for a scholarly study is not the same as finding sources for a term paper; you need to be systematic in identifying the full universe of sources relating to your topic. Here are some of the sources you need to consult in your literature search:

  • Summaries of research in your field (e.g., handbooks and annual reviews of research)
  • Books and monographs
  • Scholarly journal articles
  • Conference proceedings and papers
  • Government reports and statistics
  • Professional association publications
  • Dissertations
  • Citation indices
  • Specialized Web directories
  • Experts in the field

Talking to Experts

Some of your best research resources may be colleagues and experts in your field. You may be able to discuss your idea with them if you:

  • Call on the phone
  • Send an email
  • Meet at a conference
  • Join an electronic mailing list on your topic

Make sure you have done your homework. Be well informed about your contact and know what you want to discuss about your topic.1 Also be respectful of your contact’s time. Request an interview or ask permission to pose a few questions at your contact’s convenience, rather than launching directly into demands for input and information.

How good are your literature searching skills? Take this self-assessment to find out where you might need help.

1 P. Paul Heppner and Mary J. Heppner, Writing and Publishing Your Thesis, Dissertation, and Research: A Guide for Students in the Helping Professions (Belmont, CA: Brooks/Cole-Thomson Learning, 2004), 58.

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